Vladislav V. Shevchenko

Publications

Exploration and mapping of the moon using spacecraft and space vehicles

Rodionova Zh.F.¹, Shevchenko V.V.¹, Grishakina E.A.², Slyuta E.N.²
1 - Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University (SAI MSU)
2 - Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry RAS (GEOKHI RAS)

Abstract. Our knowledge of lunar topography has significantly improved over the last two decades owing to laser altimetry and images from orbiting spacecraft. Lunar terrain is detailed in the Survey Map of the Moon, which has a scale of 1:13 000 000. The map is based on the digital terrain model built using the data from the laser altimeter installed on the US spacecraft Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) with the resolution of 64 pixels per degree (0.5 km per pixel). In addition to the terrain relief shaded using the wash-drawing technique, the map provides Latin names of major lunar terrain features adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and their names in Russian. There are symbols on the map, which indicate the landing sites of all the spacecraft and manned space vehicles. The paper describes the major results of lunar surface studies conducted on the basis of data from orbital spacecraft and lunar landers.

29-44.pdf (in Russian)

FEATURES OF THE HYDROGEN DISTRIBUTION AROUND LUNAR CRATERS PROCLUS

AND KEPLER. M.P. Sinitsin, V.V. Shevchenko, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University,
Moscow, 119992, Russia shev@sai.msu.ru

m44_76_sinitsin_shevchenko.pdf

SPECTRAL FEATURES OF THE AVALANCHE DEPOSITS IN LUNAR CRATER REINER.

V.V.Shevchenko1,2, P.C.Pinet1, S.Chevrel1, Y.Daydou1, T.P.Skobeleva2, O.I.Kvaratskhelia3,
C.Rosemberg1. 1UMR 5562 “Dynamique Terrestre et Planetaire”/CNRS/UPS, Observatoire Midi-
Pyrenees, Toulouse, 31400 France; 2Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Moscow,
119992, Russia, 3Abastumany Astrophysical Observatory, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Georgia.
shev@sai.msu.ru

m44_75_shevchenko_etal.pdf

REMOTE DETERMINATION OF LUNAR SOIL MATURITY.

V.V.Shevchenko1,2, P.C.Pinet1, S.Chevrel1, Y.Daydou1, T.P.Skobeleva2, O.I.Kvaratskhelia3, C.Rosemberg1.
1UMR 5562 “Dynamique Terrestre et Planetaire”/CNRS/UPS, Observatoire Midi-Pyrenees, Toulouse, 31400 France;
2Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Moscow, 119992, Russia,
3Abastumany Astrophysical Observatory, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Georgia. shev@sai.msu.ru
Brown University - Vernadsky Institute Microsymposium 38, October 27-29, 2003, Moscow, Russia

ms085.pdf

REMOTE METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF THE EJECTA LUNAR TERRAINS AND THEIR COMPOSITION FITURES.

V.V. Shevchenko1, 2, P. Pinet2, S. Chevrel2, S.G. Pugacheva1, Y. Daydou2.

1 Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, 13 Universitetsky pr., 119992 Moscow, Russia;
2 UMR 5562/CNES/Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, Toulouse University, 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France. shev@sai.msu.ru
Brown University - Vernadsky Institute Microsymposium 38, October 27-29, 2003, Moscow, Russia

ms084.pdf

MERCURY: LOCAL VARIATIONS OF THE PHOTOMETRIC RELIEF.

V.V.Shevchenko, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Moscow 119992, Russia, shev@sai.msu.ru
Brown University - Vernadsky Institute Microsymposium 38, October 27-29, 2003, Moscow, Russia

ms083.pdf

EVALUATING THE STRUCTURE OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF MERCURY.

ms082.pdf

PERMANENTLY SHADOWED AREAS AT THE LUNAR POLES.

V. V. Shevchenko1, E. A. Kozlova1, G. G. Michael1.
1.Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, 119899, Moscow, Russia. shev@sai.msu.ru.
Brown University - Vernadsky Institute Microsymposium 34, October 8-9, 2001, Moscow, Russia

MS065.pdf

MERCURY: SURFACE LAYER STRUCTURE FROM OPTICAL PROPERTIES.

V.V.Shevchenko, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Universitetsky 13, Moscow 119899, Russia, shev@sai.msu.ru
Brown University - Vernadsky Institute Microsymposium 34, October 8-9, 2001, Moscow, Russia

MS064.pdf

VARIABLE RADIO EMISSION OF THE MOON AT 25 MM DURING THE LEONID 2000 METEOR SHOWER.

A.A. Berezhnoi (1), E. Bervalds (2), O.B. Khavroshkin (3), G. Ozolins (2), V.V. Shevchenko (1), V.V. Tsyplakov (3)
(1) SAI, Moscow, Russia; (2) VIRAC, Riga, Latvia; (3) UIEP, Moscow, Russia
Geophysical Research Abstracts Volumi 3, 2001.

Radioseismology of the Moon and planets is based on registration and interpretation of electromagnetic radiation of seismic origin. The frequency of such electromagnetic radiation varies from some kHz to the frequency of soft X-ray radiation. The most probable two models of transformation of mechanical stress into electromagnetic radiation are: 1) the formation of new microcracks; 2) charges arising at the peaks of existing cracks drawing under the action of increasing load. We observed the Moon on November 16 - 18 with the 32 m antenna of the Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Center at 12.2 GHz. The half-power beamwidth was 3.5 arcminutes. The DSB bandwidth is 2 x 22 MHz and output time constant is 1 sec. The observable lunar region was a seismic active region (30W, 5S). We could not exactly track the antenna with the velocity of the Moon, an observable region lagged behind and during 30 minutes of observation cycle the beam draw a near 15 arcminutes long trip on the lunar surface in direction to Mare Serentatis. During the morning of November 17 we registered significant quasiperiodic oscillations of the lunar radio emission starting near 1:44 UT. Similar oscillations were registered on November 18 starting near 2:28 UT. More or less intensive oscillations (quasiperiods were equal to 1-2 minutes) were received until November 18, 9:30 UT with bottom to peak heights of some K, sometimes up to 10K. The character of these oscillations is different from atmospheric fluctuations. The time of observed oscillations does not contradicts with predictions of McNaught about the Leonid activity on the Moon. Similar oscillations were registered after the Lunar Prospector impact (July 31, 1999) during observations of the Moon at 13 and 21 cm. These results can be explained by detection of the lunar radio emission of seismic origin. The interpretation of quasiperiodic oscillations in terms of Nikolaevsky's waves is given. Implications of radioseismic method of investigations of the Moon for determination of the intensity of meteor showers on lunar orbit and for estimation of the mineral composition of lunar regolith are described.

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LUNAR REGOLITH NEAR COLD TRAPS.

Berezhnoi, A.A. (1), Klumov B.A.(2), Shevchenko V.V.(1)
(1) Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia, (2) Institute of Dynamics of Geospheres, Moscow, Russia
Geophysical Research Abstracts Volumi 3, 2001.

In our previous papers we have found that a significant part of cometary matter is captured by the Moon after a low-speed collision between a comet and the Moon. Now we consider the chemical composition of impact vapour formed after a such collision based on new kinetical model of chemical processes. We have found that H2O, CO2, and SO2 are main H-, C-, and S-containing species respectively in the fireball. The temperature in polar regions near cold traps is suitable for the presence of some volatile compounds (sulfur, carbon and hydrocarbons) in the regolith. We estimate an amount of sulfur- and carbon- containing species delivered to lunar polar regions due to cometary impacts. Our estimations can be checked during conduction of observations by the SMART-1 spacecraft.

THE SPACE ANGULAR FUNCTION OF THE MOON'S THERMAL EMISSION (10 -12 MICRON).

S.G. Pugacheva and V.V. Shevchenko
Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Universitetskiy pr.13, Moscow, 119899, Russia pugach@sai.msu.ru Fax: 007-095-932-88-41
Geophysical Research Abstracts Volumi 3, 2001.

The features of the lunar surface, varying in their individual properties, have a brightness constant in time, and the dynamics of reflected and own radiation is determined in each case only by the geometry of observing conditions at any given moment. Therefore, using the known characteristics of the lunar features, we can determine the standard values of the radiation emitted or reflected by a great number of particular objects, which form a system of standards in a certain wavelength and energy-flux range. The space function of the Moon's thermal emission was constructed by results of the statistical processing of the database 1655 lunar sites in the vector form. The database contains the brightness characteristics of the emitted and reflected radiation measured in an IR (10-12 mm) and a visible (0.445 mm) range for 23 Moon's phase angles and 1954 lunar regions. The space function is based on physical regularities and statistical relationship between the intensity of thermal and reflected radiation, the geometry of observation and illumination, and the albedo and microrelief of the lunar surface. An analytic formula of the dependence of radiation temperature of the lunar surface on the incidence angular parameters make it possible to calculate the infrared temperature for any geometry of the angular parameters. The root-mean-square error in the determination of the radiation temperature is +1.5 K. The computer images were constructed in the form of contour maps of brightness and temperature, of thermal inertia and other thermal parameters, using the database of brightness and temperatures values for lunar-surface areas.

THE CRATERING FEATURES OF THE BASIN "SOUTH POLE-AITKEN".

J.Rodionova and E.Kozlova Sternberg State Astronomical Institute
Geophysical Research Abstracts Volumi 3, 2001.

Morphological features of craters in the South Pole-Aitken are studied. Craters in the basin are compared to craters located in highland and mare regions. In comparision studies, the following morphological features were considered: the degree of rim degradation; the presence of terraces and faults, hills, peaks and ridges, fissures and chains of small craters, lava on the crater floor; the character of the floor; and the presence of ray systems. In the basin 3.8 million sq. km in area, 1538 craters of 10 km in diameter or larger are found. Craters in the South Pole-Aitken are found to be less degraded than those in the mare region. Additionaly, terraces on the inner slopes of craters in the basin are less degraded, and more faults are observed in the craters in the highland region. The craters in the three regions studed are similar in the presence of peaks and hills, while the density of craters with fissures and chains of small craters on the floor are greater in the mare! region. No craters with ray systems are found in the basin. The South Pole Aitken Basin is assumed to have formed late in the period of heavy bombardment. The morphology of craters in the mare region is found to differ drastically from those in the basin and the highland region. A low crater density and the abundance of crater-ruins and craters with faults in the mare region are due to lava flooding of ancient depressions during the period of basaltic volcanism and the destruction of the majority of craters formed in the preceding heavy bombardment period. The mare regions differs in the densities of craters with fissures and chains of small craters, peaks and lavas on the floor. We attribute these distinctions to the difference in endogenic processes that proceeded in the considered regions. The endogenic processes should reveal themselves more often in the mare regions because the lunar crust here is much thinner than in the highland regions.

LUNAR RESOURCES FOR RESCUE OF MANKIND IN XXI CENTURY.

V.V.Shevchenko
Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Moscow, Russia shev@sai.msu.ru
Geophysical Research Abstracts Volumi 3, 2001.

In results of many ecological investigations it has been found that the permissible level of the energy production inside Earth's environment is about 0.1% of solar energy received by Earth's surface. The value is about 90 TW (90 x 10 12 Watt). On the other hand, the general estimation shows that the total energy use (and production, accordingly) in the world is about 16 TW in the end of 2000. This value will increase by factor of two (about 34 TW) to the year 2050. If the tendency will be preserved the total energy production in the world will approach to 98 TW to the year 2100. It means the permissible level of the energy production inside Earth's environment will be exceeded. But it is obviously that the processes destroying Earth's environment in global scale will begin before it - after middle of century. Hence, the first result of the practical actions for rescue of the Earth's environment must be obtained not late than in 2020 - 2030. It means that general decisions must be approved now or in the beginning of the new century. The only way to resolve this problem consists in the use of extraterrestrial resources. The nearest available body - source of space resources is the Moon. The most known now space energy resource is lunar helium-3. Very likely, the lunar environment contains new resource possibilities unknown now. So, the lunar research space programs must have priority not only in fundamental planetary science, but in practical purposes too..

Biography

Shevchenko Vladislav Vladimirovich

Date of birth: 18 June, 1940

Position: Head of Department of Lunar and Planetary Research, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Doctor of Physics and Mathematics.

Education:
1982, Moscow University, - Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, topic of the dissertation: "Photometric investigations of the Moon on the base of space surveys";
1969, Moscow University, - Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, topic of the dissertation: "Physical mapping of the Moon on the base of photometric data";
High education - 1964, Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Aerophotosurvey, speciality - astronomer-geodesist.

Employment:
1978 - present time - Head of Department of Lunar and Planetary Research, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University.
1970 - 1978 - senior research worker of Department of Physics of the Moon and Planets, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute.
1964 - 1978 - research worker of Department of Physics of the Moon and Planets, Sternberg State Astronomical Institute.

Social activities:
1978 - present time - Chairman of the Lunar Task Group of the International Astronomical Union's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature, member of the Working Group.
1991-1995 - member of the Task Committee on Lunar Base Structures of American Society of Civil Engineers.
1978-1997 - Chairman of the Lunar and Mercury Working Group of Astronomical Council, Russian Academy of Sciences.
1989-1993 - member of International Design for Extreme Environment Association (IDEEA).
1993-1997 - Editorial Board member of "Solar System research" (Periodical of Russian Academy of Sciences).
1990-1997 - Editorial Board member of "The Earth and the Universe" (Periodical of Russian Academy of Sciences).
Member of International Astronomical Union (Commission 16).
Member of Astronomical Society (International).
Member of International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics.
Member of COSPAR.

Teaching activities (at post-graduate level):

1996 - 1998 - Planets in the Universe - Course for students and post-graduate students in Moscow University, Astronomical speciality.
1995 - Nature of Solar System and Modern Problems of Space Science. Course of lectures for cosmonaut educational group. - Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Moscow.
1994 - Extraterrestrial Resources of Near-Earth Space. - Course of lectures.- Seminar for High-School Teachers. Space Education Program. - Institute of Space Policy. Moscow. The Seminar was supported by Russian Space Agency (RSA).
1994 - Solar System News. Extraterrestrial Resources. - Course of lectures.- Winter School for teachers of astronomy from Russian universities. The School was supported by Astronomical Society (International). Lipetzk. Russia.
1993 - The Earth in Space: Problems of Global Ecology. - Course of lectures for cosmonaut educational group. - Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Moscow.
1993 - Problem of Extraterrestrial Resources and Future Exploration of Mars. - Course of lectures and design project "Martian bases" (In English). - International Space Summer School. Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI).
1993 - Educational Aspects of the Moon Exploration and Utilization Programs. - Teaching Aid. - Institute of Space Policy. Moscow. Sponsor: Russian Space Agency (RSA).
1992 - Extraterrestrial Resources and Contemporary Space Recearch. - Course of lectures for cosmonaut educational group. - Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Moscow.
1992 - Astronomy and Extraterrestrial Resources (In English). - Invited lecture. - Universite Paul Sabatier. Toulouse. France.
1992 - Astronomy and Extraterrestrial Resources (In English). - Invited lecture. - University of Oslo. Norway.
1991 - Extraterrestrial Resources and Contemporary Space Recearch. - Course of lectures for cosmonaut educational group. - Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Moscow.
1991 - Problems of Construction on the Moon (In English). - Educational Design Project for International Design for Extreme Environment Association (IDEEA). Houston. USA.
1990 - Astronomy and Extraterrestrial Resources (In English). - Invited lecture. - Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture. University of Houston. USA.
1990 - The Earth and the Moon - Contemporary Problems of Astronomy, Geophysics and Astrophysics (In English). - Invited lecture. - Universite Paul Sabatier. Toulouse. France.
1989 - Astronomy and Space Research (In English). - Invited lecture.- Sonneberg Observatory of Academy of Sciences. Germany.
1988 - A Soviet View of a Lunar Base (In English). - Invited lecture. - Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture. University of Houston. USA.
1988 - A Soviet View of a Lunar Base (In English).- Invited lecture. - University of California at Los Angeles. USA.
1985 - 1970 - Participation in seminars and cources of lectures in field of astronomy and space recearch in universities of Soviet Union, Mongolia, Bulgaria, Hungary.
1980 - 1998 - Candidate of Sciences (Aspirant) Programmes Leadership.

Additional information:

1995 - Participation in Special Issues on Man and Moon. Lunar Structures. - Journal of the British Interplanetary Society (See List of publications).
1994 - Participation in International Aerospace Congress, Moscow, Russia. Paper: "Lunar Materials for Space Constructions".
1993 - Participation in International Scientific-Practical Conference "Business Men and Economical Utilization of Space". Moscow, Russia. Paper: "Economy, Ecology and Extraterrestrial Natural Resources".
1991 - Chairman of the Conference "The Scientific Problems of Creating a Lunar Base". Moscow. USSR.
1991 - Participation in American-Russian-Japanese Workshop on D - He-3 Based Reactor Studies. Kurchatov IAE, Moscow, Russia. Paper: "Remote Sensing Soil Enriched by Helium-3 on the Moon" (In English).
1988 - Plenary paper "A Soviet View of a Lunar Base" (In English). The Second Symposium on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21^st Century. L. Johnson Space Center - Lunar and Planetary Institute. Houston. USA.

Photograph album

26th General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society, Nice, France, 25-30 March, 2001

You can contact me at

Shevchenko Vladislav Vladimirovich
Sternberg State Astronomical Institute,
Moscow University, 13 Universitetsky prospect, 119899 Moscow
Address of E-mail: shev@sai.msu.ru
Telefone: +7-495-939-10-29